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What is Thyroid?

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in front of the neck present in our body. Through the hormones it produces, the thyroid gland mainly regulates all metabolic processes in our body. There are different types of thyroid disorders that actually affect the size of the gland and its function. The thyroid uses iodine to produce vital hormones. Thyroxine, T4, is the primary hormone and in women’s body, after delivery via the bloodstream to the body’s tissues, a small portion of the T4 released from the gland is converted to triiodothyronine (T3), which is the most active hormone. When Thyroid hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus in the brain produces a hormone known as thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) that helps the pituitary gland to release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to release more T4. If the pituitary gland and hypothalamus gets some disorders then also the thyroid gland can have problems. The thyroid Function Test is basically a group of tests that include tests like T3, T3RU, T4, and TSH.

Thyroid Disorders Types

  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Goiter
  • Thyroid nodules
  • Thyroid cancer

Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Production

Pituitary gland regulates that how much hormone should be present in blood, as per that it produces hormones and thus it prevents the overproduction or underproduction of thyroid hormones. If thyroid hormones get increased in the blood, then automatically production of TRH and TSH are decreased. So it is necessary that the level of thyroid hormone should be normal in the blood. If this regulatory system gets affected then it may result hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism happens when thyroid gland produces insufficient thyroid hormone. Some symptoms are:

  • Fatigue
  • Poor concentration
  • Dry skin
  • Constipation
  • Feeling cold
  • Fluid retention
  • Muscle and joint aches
  • Depression
  • Prolonged or excessive menstrual bleeding in women
  • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Hyperthyroidism is a condition where excessive production of thyroid hormone happens. Some symptoms are:

  • Tremor
  • Nervousness
  • Fast heart rate
  • Fatigue
  • Intolerance for heat
  • Increase in bowel movements
  • Increased sweating
  • Concentration problems
  • Unintentional weight loss
  • Grave’s disease
  • Toxic multinodular goiter

Thyroid Function Test

How do thyroid disorders get diagnosed? Mainly blood tests are done to measure the levels of thyroid hormones and TSH. If patients come with any of the symptoms mentioned above, then doctors suggest to do blood tests from which it is identified the antibodies against thyroid tissue such as anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroperoxidase, or TSH receptor stimulating antibodies

Imaging tests are commonly used when thyroid nodules or enlargement are present. Ultrasound can visualize the consistency of the tissue within the gland and can often reveal cysts or calcifications. Ultrasound examination cannot distinguish a benign from a malignant process.

Thyroid scans using radioactive iodine are often performed to evaluate the function of thyroid nodules. Sometimes in case of detecting thyroid cancer, fine needle aspiration (FNA) and biopsy are done.

Thyroid Function Test: Understand the Results

Normal ranges

  • T3: 100-200 monograms of hormone per decilitre of blood.
  • T4: 4.6-12 ug/dl
  • TSH: Between 0.4 and 4.0 milli-international units of hormone per liter of blood (mIU/L).

The level of T3 gets high then Grave’s disease may occur which is an autoimmune disorder associated with hyperthyroidism.

If blood test results show the TSH reading above 2.0 mIU/L, you’re at risk for progressing to hypothyroidism.

Other Locations:

Nerul-Seawoods, Mumbai:
Shop No 18 & 19, Ground Floor Giriraj Housing Society Ltd Plot No 7 & 8, Sector 44, Palm Beach Road Nerul – Seawoods (West), Navi Mumbai – 400706

Kalyan, Mumbai:
Ground Floor, Mohan Plaza-II, Sr. No-3 Hissa No-1, Near Potdar International School, Khadakpada Wayle Nagar, Kalyan (w) Pincode – 421301

Kalyani Nagar, Pune:
Ground Floor, B1 Building, Cerebrum IT Park, Behind Marigold Society, Kalyani Nagar, Pune 411014

Chinchwad, Pune:
Shop no 18/19/20, L3 Building, Empire Estate, Chinchwad, Pune – 411019

Satara Road, Pune:
Shop No – 110 – 111, Pentagon Building, Shahu College Road, Next to Kaka Halwai, Satara Road, Pune – 411009

Magarpatta A Wing, Pune:
S -10, 2nd Floor, A – wing Destination Centre, Magarpatta, Hadapsar, Pune – 411013

Pimple Saudagar, Pune:
Shop No-203, 2nd Floor, Rainbow Plaza, Near Shivar Garden Chowk, Pimple Saudagar, Pune – 411057

Viman Nagar, Pune:
Row House No-2, Plot No – 88, Wing F, Nitron Landmark, Vimannagar, Pune-14

FC Road, Pune:
Shop No 9 to 13, Ground Floor, Mantri House, Next to Kotak Mahindra Bank, Fergusson College Road, Dnyaneshwar Paduka Chowk, Shivaji Nagar, Pune – 411005

Lajpat Nagar, Delhi:
C-11, Lajpat Nagar- III, New Delhi – 110024

Gurgaon, Gurgaon:
SCO-58, Sector-56, HUDA Shopping Centre, Gurgaon – 122002 ( Near MORE Store)

Dwarka, Delhi:
Plot No.9, First Floor, Opp.IGL Gas Station, Sector-12A, Dwarka -110075

Punjabi Bagh, Delhi:
Basement, 14, West Avenue Road, West Punjabi Bagh, Punjabi Bagh, Delhi – 110026

Rohini, Delhi:
E 1/13, Sector-7, Opposite M2K Mall, Rohini, New Delhi – 110085

Noida, Noida:
C-60, Sector-2 Main Road, Gautam Budh Nagar, Noida (UP) – 201301

Indirapuram, Ghaziabad:
403, Nitikhand 2 Near Swarn Jayanti Park , Opposite Bihari Market & Krishna Vista Gate No.3, Indirapuram , Ghaziabad UP-201014.

Faridabad, Faridabad:
1D, BP Hardware Chowk, Faridabad. PIN – 121001

HSR Layout, Bengaluru:
No #. 244, 17Th Cross, 7th Sector, Near BDA Complex, Opposite vasan eye & dental care hospital, HSR Layout, Bengaluru – 560102

Koramangala, Bengaluru:
Plot No 137, Ground Floor, 5th Block, JNC Road, Koramangala, Bengaluru – 560095

Marathahalli, Bengaluru:
UB ELEGA, No Marathali, 90, Outer Ring Rd, Jyothi Puram, Kartik Nagar, Marathahalli, Bengaluru – 560037

Kalyan Nagar, Bengaluru:
#803,Ground Floor, SS Comforts, 2nd Cross, HRBR Layout, 1st Block, Kalyan Nagar, Bengaluru – 560043

Hyderabad, Telangana
Konda Pride, Plot No, 1299c, 2 Floor, Rd Number 1, Near IOC Petrol Pump, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033

Nashik
Shop No 8, Punyasmruti Apt, Opp to Body Master Gym, B Road, Behind Water tank, Nashik 422007

Bhopal
C-39 Padmanabh Nagar, Raisen Road, Bhopal. Madhya Pradesh- 462023

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